Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan caasimada Fiiniks, Arizona ee dalka Maraykanka.

Fiiniks, Phoenix (/nɪks/) waa magaalo-madaxda, iyo caasimada ugu weyn gobolka Arizona ee wadanka Maraykanka. Fiiniks waxay leedahay bulsho dhan 1,445,632 (sida lagu ogaaday tirokoob dowladu qaaday sanadkii 2010ka). Caasimada Fiiniks waa magaalo-madaxda ugu shacabka badan dhamaan caasimadaha wadanka Maraykanka. Sidoo kale waa magaalad 6aad ee ugu dadka badan tirada deegaanada wadanka.^[4]

Waxaa intaas dheer, caasimada Fiiniks waa saldhiga Phoenix Metropoitan Area, oo sidoo kale lagu magacaabo "Dooxada Qoraxda", midaasi oo iyadna ka tirsan Dooxada Webiga Salt. Marka laga hadlayo Phoenix iyo degaanda hoos yimaada waa mida 13aad ee ugu shacabka badan wadanka Maraykanka, taasi oo leh bulsho dhan 4.3 milyan dad ah (sida lagu ogaaday tirokoobtii sanadkii 2010ka).^[5]^[6] Caasimada Fiiniks waxaa intaas u dheer ineey tahay fadhiga dowlada Degmada Marikoba, iyo mid ka mid ah deegaanda ugu baxada balaadhan wadanka Maraykanka.^[7]

Magaalada waxaa markii ugu horeeysay soo degay sanadkii 1867 dad beeroleey ah, kuwaasi oo soo jiiteen webiga Salt, webiga Gila iyo dooxaha dhaca agagaarka magaalada Fiiniks. Waxaa magaalo rasmi ah loogu dhawaaqay sanadkii 1881.^[8]

Caasimada Fiiniks waxay dhacdaa waqooyibari Lamadegaanka Sonoran, kaasi oo leh cimilo qalalan oo la mid ah tan deegaanada ka baxsan dhul-badhaha. Iyadoo taasi jirta ayaa hadana waxaa deegaanka Fiiniks leeyahay nidaamyo beero waaweyn oo soo saara khudaar, cudbi, suuf iyo midho badan ooy kuba tiirsan tahay magaalada Fiiniks iyo nawaaxigeedu.^[9]^[10]

Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka wixii ka horeeyay dhaqaalaha magaaldan Fiiniks wuxuu aad ugu tiirsanaa beerida iyo soosaarida cudbiga, lo'da, Naxaasta iyo khudaarta, taasi oo taagertay bulshada gobolka tan iyo aasaaskii caasimada.

Taariikh

Phoenix, Arizona
Phoenix, Arizona
Magaalo-madaxda Gobolka
	Caasimada Fiiniks
	Kor, bidix ilaa midig: Beerta Papago Park wakhti qorax dhac ah, St. Mary's Basilica (Phoenix), Farasmagaalka Phoenix, Dhismayaasha dhaadheer ee Phoenix wakhti habeen ah, Xarunta Sayniska Arizona, Aqalka Rosson, Tareenka fudud ee Metro Light Rail, geedka Tiinka saguaro, iyo buurta McDowell Mountains
	Nickname(s): "Dooxadii Qoraxda", "Doox"
	Phoenix, Arizona Meesha kaga taalo wadanka Maraykanka
Wadanka	Maraykanka
Gobolka	Arizona
Degmo	Maricopa
La degay	1867
Dowlad Hoose	Febraayo 5, 1881
Dowlada
• Nuuca	Maamulka Golaha
• Body	Golaha Caasimada Fiiniks
• Duqa-magaalada	Greg Stanton
Area	517.948 sq mi (1,341.48 km2)
• Land	516.704 sq mi (1,338.26 km2)
• Water	1.244 sq mi (3.22 km2)
• Metro	14,565.76 sq mi (37,725.1 km2)
Joogga	1,086 ft (331 m)
Tirada dadka (2010)
• City	1,445,632
• Estimate (2014)	1,537,058
• Rank	US: 6aad
• Cufnaanta dadka	2,967.59/sq mi (1,145.79/km2)
• Urban	3,629,114 (US: 12aad)
• Metro	4,489,109 (US: 12aad)
• Bulshada	Phoenician
Aag saacadeed	UTC−7 (MST)
• Xagaa (DST)	UTC−7 (ma laha saacada lagu daro maalintii)
ZIP kodh	85001–85099
Furaha	Area kode 480, 602, iyo 623
FIPS kode	04
Astaanta GNIS	44784, 2411414
Gego Diyaarad	Gegada Diyaardaha Fiiniks – PHX (Kan ugu weyn/Caalami)
Website	www.phoenix.gov

Maabka deegaanada Hohokam ca. 1350

In ka badan 2,000 sano waxaa deegaanka Fiiniks ku noolaa dadka Hohokam ee ka tirsan dadka asal ahaan loogu yimid qaarada Ameerika.^[8]^[11] Dadkaasi Hohokam waxay sameeyeen gacan biyo oo dhererkiisu yahay ilaa 135 mayl (217 km) kaasi oo ka dhigay dhulkii lamadegaanka ahaa mid la qodan karo (la beeran karo oo leh caro nafaqo leh). Intaasi waxaa dheer, qabiilka Hohokam waxay xidhiidh ganacsi la sameeyn jireen dhamaan qabiilaa jaarka la ahaa ee ka midka yihiin Anasazi, Mogollon iyo Sinagua (qabiilo ka mid ah Dadka Asalka Ameerika).^[12]

Waxyaabaha horumarka deegaanka ka qeyb qaatey waxaa kow ka ah gacanada-biyaha iyo dooxooyinka, kuwaasi oo suurto geliyay ineey taageeraan nolosha dadka iyo duunyadaba.^[13]^[14]

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wakhtiyadii gumaystaha reer Yurub ku fidaayay meelo badan oo qaarada Ameerika ah ayaa Isbayn qabsatey deegaanada Arizona taasi ooy ka mid dhigtey maamulkii Isbayn ee Ameerika loona yaqaanay Isbayn Meksiko. Sanadkii 1848, markii uu dhamaaday dagaaladii Meksiko iyo Maraykanka ayaa dowlada wadanka Meksiko ka iibisay Arizona dowlada wadanka Maraykanka, sidaasi ayayna Fiiniks ku noqotey mid ka tirsan wadanka Maraykanka.^[15]

Bulshada Fiiniks

Caasimada Fiiniks waa tan 6aad ee ugu bulshada badan wadanka Maraykanka (sida lagu sheegay tiro-koob dowladu qaadey sanadkii 2010ka), waxayna magaladu leedahay 1,445,632 taasi oo ka dhigaysa magaalo-madaxda ugu shacabka badan wadanka Maraykanka.^[16]

Noocyada Bulshada	2010^[17]	1990^[18]	1970^[18]	1940^[18]
Cadaanka (marka lagu daro Hispanik Cad)	65.9%	81.7%	93.3%	92.3%
Madoow ama Afrikan Ameerikan	6.5%	5.2%	4.8%	6.5%
Hispanik ama Latino (dhamaantood)	40.8%	20.0%	12.7%^[19]	n/a
Aasiyaan	3.2%	1.7%	0.5%	0.8%
Cadaan ahayn Hispanik	46.5%	71.8%	81.3%^[19]	n/a

Muuqaalka Magaalada

Muuqaalka farasmagaalka Fiiniks 1940kiii
Magaalada Fiiniks oo hawada sare laga sawirey 1972
Fiiniks, Arisona
Sawir cirka sare laga soo qaaday ee Fiiniks
badhtamaha Fiiniks
Dabaqyada dhaadheer ee Fiiniks

Muuqalka Caasimada Fiiniks, Arisona

koonfurta caasimada Fiinis goor habeen ah

Magaalooyinka Maraykanka

Atlanta · Austin · Boston · Baltimore · Bloomington · Kolumbus, Ohio · Chicago · Dallas · Denver · Detroit · Houston · Honolulu · Kansas City · Los Angeles · Las Vegas · Memphis · Miami · Minneapolis · New York · Nashville · Oakland · Omaha · Orlando · Phoenix, Arizona · Portland · Philadelphia · Rochester · San Antonio · Saint Paul · San Diego · Seattle · San Fransisko · Washington D.C

Gobolada Maraykanka

Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · Delaware · Florida · Fermont · Firjiniya · Houston · Gobolka Joorjiya · Gasiirada Rhode · Galbeedka Firjiniya · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Kalifornia · Kolorado · Konektikat · Koonfur Karolina · Koonfur Dakota · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Mishiigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · Hampshire Cusub · Jersey Cusub · Meksiko Cusub · New York (gobol) · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Tennessee · Tegsas (Texas) · Utah · Wyoming · Washington (gobol) · Waqooyi Karolina · Waqooyi Dakota

Tixraac

↑ Cite GNIS|44784|Feature Detail Report for: Phoenix
↑ . United States Census Bureau http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml. Soo qaatay June 18, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/newsroom/releases/2015/cb15-89_graphic.jpg
↑ "Nuqul Archive". United States Census Bureau. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original May 21, 2012. Soo qaatay September 11, 2012. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ Census: Phoenix-area population tops 4.3 million, moves up metro rankings – Phoenix Business Journal. Bizjournals.com (March 14, 2013). Retrieved on September 6, 2013.
↑ People in Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale Metro Area, Arizona. Bestplaces.net. Retrieved on September 6, 2013.
↑ (PDF) (14 ed.). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 712 http://www.census.gov/prod/2008pubs/07ccdb/ccdb-07.pdf. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 . City of Phoenix https://web.archive.org/web/20140415163536/http://phoenix.gov/pio/publications/history/index.html. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original April 15, 2014. Soo qaatay April 15, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ . arizonaexperience.org http://arizonaexperience.org/land/farming-and-ranching. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ "Nuqul Archive". barriozona. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original Bisha Saddexaad 4, 2016. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda: |archive-date= (caawin)
↑ Trimble, Marshall. American Traveler Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-885590-89-3. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ "Nuqul Archive". Arizona Museum of Natural History. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original November 30, 2012. Soo qaatay February 20, 2014. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ "Nuqul Archive". Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original August 5, 2018. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ . Access Genealogy http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/maricopa-tribe.htm. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ Spencer C. Tucker. ABC-CLIO. p. 255. ISBN 9781851098545 https://books.google.com/books?id=I9ceNvefrToC&pg=PA255. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ Bui, Lynh (March 13, 2011). Azcentral.com http://www.azcentral.com/community/phoenix/articles/2011/03/13/20110313phoenix-6th-largest-city-philadelphia.html. Soo qaatay June 19, 2012. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ "Nuqul Archive". United States Census Bureau. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2012-05-21. Soo qaatay 2015-09-10. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named census
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 From 15% sample

[1] Cite GNIS|44784|Feature Detail Report for: Phoenix

[FactFinder-2] . United States Census Bureau http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml. Soo qaatay June 18, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[2014_Pop_Estimate-3] ttps://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/newsroom/releases/2015/cb15-89_graphic.jpg

[usa1-4] "Nuqul Archive". United States Census Bureau. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original May 21, 2012. Soo qaatay September 11, 2012. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[5] Census: Phoenix-area population tops 4.3 million, moves up metro rankings – Phoenix Business Journal. Bizjournals.com (March 14, 2013). Retrieved on September 6, 2013.

[6] People in Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale Metro Area, Arizona. Bestplaces.net. Retrieved on September 6, 2013.

[7] (PDF) (14 ed.). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 712 http://www.census.gov/prod/2008pubs/07ccdb/ccdb-07.pdf. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[Phxgov-8] 8.0 ^8.1 . City of Phoenix https://web.archive.org/web/20140415163536/http://phoenix.gov/pio/publications/history/index.html. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original April 15, 2014. Soo qaatay April 15, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[9] . arizonaexperience.org http://arizonaexperience.org/land/farming-and-ranching. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[10] "Nuqul Archive". barriozona. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original Bisha Saddexaad 4, 2016. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda: |archive-date= (caawin)

[11] Trimble, Marshall. American Traveler Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-885590-89-3. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[azmnh-12] "Nuqul Archive". Arizona Museum of Natural History. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original November 30, 2012. Soo qaatay February 20, 2014. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[13] "Nuqul Archive". Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original August 5, 2018. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[14] . Access Genealogy http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/maricopa-tribe.htm. Soo qaatay February 17, 2014. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[15] Spencer C. Tucker. ABC-CLIO. p. 255. ISBN 9781851098545 https://books.google.com/books?id=I9ceNvefrToC&pg=PA255. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[azcentral-16] Bui, Lynh (March 13, 2011). Azcentral.com http://www.azcentral.com/community/phoenix/articles/2011/03/13/20110313phoenix-6th-largest-city-philadelphia.html. Soo qaatay June 19, 2012. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[17] "Nuqul Archive". United States Census Bureau. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2012-05-21. Soo qaatay 2015-09-10. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[census-18] 18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named census

[fifteen-19] 19.0 ^19.1 From 15% sample

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