Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Liinta. Bogag kale fiiri Liin Dhanaan, Liin Qarboosh, Liin Baydarin iyo Liin Bambeelmo

Boga "Liin Macaan" halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.

Liin (Af Ingiriis : orange; Af Carabi : ar‎) waa midho ka mid ah khudaarta taas oo ka baxda dhirta oo siday tahay lagu cuno..^[2] Liintu waxay ka mid tahay midhaha bisil ee sideeda lagu cuno, ayadoo laga helo biyo iyo fiitamiino badan.

Liintu waa midho wareegsan oo leh qolof midab oranji ah iyo mid casuus ah gudaha, waxaanay ka baxaan geedo dhexdhexaad ah oo qodax miidhan ah.

Taariikh ahaan, dadku waxay midhaha liinta aqoon u lahaayeen tan iyo qarniyaal badan. Sida lagu cadeeyay qoraal la helay wakhti dhowayd, dadka Shiinaha waxay isticmaali jireen khudaarta liinta ilaa 314 sano Ciise Hortii^[3]^[4]^[5]^[3] Beerashada geedka liintu wuxuu aad u batay sanadkii 1987kii taasi oo la sheegay in uu labo-laabmey beerida iyo soo saarka liintu, taasi oo iyadna ku salaysneed kordhitaanka suuqa liinta caalamka.^[6] Orange trees are widely grown in tropical and subtropical climates for their sweet fruit. The fruit of the orange tree can be eaten fresh, or processed for its juice or fragrant peel.^[7]

Warbixin ay Hay'ada Cuntada Aduunku soo saartey sanadkii 2012ka Liin Macaantu waxay ahayd 70% dhamaan liinta caalamka la soo saaro.^[8] Wadanada caalamku waxay soo saareeyn ilaa 71.4 milyan oo liin ah sanadkii 2013ka, taasi oo wadanka Baraasiil ahaa midka koowaad, wadanka Maraykanka ayaa ku noqdey wadanka labaad ee ugu soo saarka badan liinta aduunka, gaar ahaan gobolka Florida iyo Kalifornia ayaa ugu batay beerida iyo soo saarka.^[9] Liinta biyaheedu aad ayay u macaan yihiin, oo waxa ka dhamama sonkor iyo xoogaa dhanaan ah, waxaanay qani ku tahay fiitamiin sii (vitamin c) jidhka dadku u baahan yahay.

Waxaa jira dhowr nooc oo liin ah, kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah: Liin Dhanaanta, Liin Bambeelmo, Liin Beydariin, iyo Liin Qarbooshta.

Khudaarta iyo midhaha maalin walba dadku isticmaalaan waxaa ka mid ah: tufaaxa, cambeha, basasha, tamaandhada, barandhaha, saladhka, toonta, babaayga, mooska, kaarootka, besbaaska, iyo kuwo kale oo badan.

Taariikh

Liin Macaan
	Xabada liin macaan iyo jeex
Kala soocida cilmiga ah
Boqortooyo:	Plantae;
(darajo la'aan):	Angiosperms;
(darajo la'aan):	Eudicots;
(darajo la'aan):	Rosids;
Dirka:	Sapindales;
Bahka:	Khudaar;
Duulka:	Liin;
Noocyada:	C. × sinensis;
Magaca laba-geesoodka ah
	Citrus × sinensis; (Carl Linnaeus) Osbeck

Dhamaan noocyada liintu waxay ka soo tafiirmeen geedka "genus" ee Saynis ahaan loo yaqaano Sitrus. Taasi micnaheedu waa in dhamaan noocyada kale (sida Liin Dhanaanta, Liin Qarbooshta iyo Liin Bambeelmada) ka soo tafiirmeen geedka Jenus ee liin macaanka.^[10]

Sida ka muuqata sawir wakhti hore ah geedka iyo midhaha liinta

Sida lagu xusay taariikhda geedka liinta waxaa markii ugu horeeysay lagu isticmali jirey koonfurta wadanka Shiinaha oo la aaminsan yahay ineey tahay meesha ay asal ahaan ka timidey, iyo deegaano ka mid ah wadanada Koonfurbari Aasiya. Waxaa beerashada geedka la dadku bilaabeen ilaa 2500 sano C.H (Ciise Hortii).^[11]

Dhinaca qaarada Yurub waxaa la sheegay in nooc liin dhanaanta ah lagu isticmaali jirey wadanka Talyaaniga taasi ooy ka sameeyn jireen daawooyinka iyo walaxaha la isku dhayo. Waxay liintu aad ugu fiday qeybaha kale ee qaarada Yurub qiyaastii qarnigii 16aad, wakhtigaasi oo beerashada liintu aad u koobnayd.

Sawir geedka liinta sanadkii 1740

Waxaa qaaradaha Ameerika soo gaadhsiiyay liinta sahamiyayaashii boqortooyada Isbayn. Kiristofer Kolumbus ayaa la aaminsan yahay inuu geedka liinta ka beeray agagaarka deegaanka loo yaqaano Hispaniola.^[12]

Magaca

Liin macaanta waxaa Afka Ingiriiska lagu yidhaahdaa "Orange" taasi oo maanta loo isticmaalo erey lagu sifeeyo mid ka mid ah midabka (color).^[13] Midabka oranji waa mid u dhexeeya huruud iyo casaanka, waana mid inta ugu badan lagu tusaaleeyo inuu u eeg yahay liin macaanta.

Sawiro

Gobolo liin macaan ah
Geedka Liinta
Midhaha geedka liinta ka baxda Florida
Nooc ka mid ah liinta ka baxda wadanka Hindiya
Liinta Kamala
Siidhka laga beero geedka beerta
geedka liinta
Nooc ka mid ah midhaha liinta
Isbarbardhiga muuqaalka gudaha iyo dibada
Liin macaan iyo cabitaan laga sameeyay

Faa'iidada

Liin macaantu waxay leedahay faa'iido badan oo jidhka dadku u baahan yahay. Sida ay sheegtay Hay'ada Cuntada iyo Nafaqada wadanka Maraykanka ee loo yaqaano USDA, halkii xabo ee liin macaan ah waxaa ku jira 197 kilojuul (kJ) oo tamar ah, 0.94 g Borotiin ah, 86.75 g biyo ah, 0.12 g dux ah, 11.75 g kaarbonhydarte ah, 2.4 g fiber ah, 9.35 g sonkor ah, 40 miligiraan Kaalshiyaam ah, 0.1 miligiraam Bir ah, 10 mg Magniisiyaam ah, 14 mg Fosforos ah, 181 miligiraam Botashiyaam ah, 0.07 mg Sinki ah, 0.025 mg Manganiis ah, 53.2 miligiraam Fiitamiin-Sii ah, 0.087 mg thiamin, 0.04 mg riboflafin ah, 0.282 niakin ah, 0.25 bontothenik ah, 0.06 miligiraam FiitamiinB6 ah, 30 ug folate, 8.4 koline, 11 ug FiitamiinA ah, FiitamiinE iyo kuwo kale.^[14]

Khudaarta

Khudaarta maalin walba dadku isticmaalaan waxaa ka mid ah kuwo la kariyo iyo kuwo bisil oo sideeda lagu cuno. Isku soo wada duub hoos waxaad ku arki qaar ka mid ah guud ahaan khudaarta.

Khudaar
Khudaarta Bisil (fruit)
Babaay · besbaaska · tamaandhada · saladhka · toonta · kaarootka · Liin Macaan · Liin Dhanaan · Liin Bambeelmo · Liin Qarboosh · Tufaax · Muus · Cambe · Canabka · Qare ·
Khudaarta Ceyriin (vegetable)
Barandhe · Basal · tamaandhada · toonta · Dabocase · Kamsar

Tixraac

When Oranges Are Not Orange

↑ "Nuqul Archive". www.ars-grin.gov. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2015-09-24. Soo qaatay 2008-03-17. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ "Nuqul Archive". Archived from the original on 2011-05-12. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin) CS1 maint: url u qalmin (link)
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Nature Genetics. 45: 59–66. doi:10.1038/ng.2472. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ Template:Cite thesis
↑ Nature Biotechnology. 32: 640–642. doi:10.1038/nbt.2954. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ Morton, J., Fruits of Warm Climates (1987) Miami, FL, pp. 134–142.
↑ "Citrus sinensis information from NPGS/GRIN". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2015-09-24. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ Organisms. Citrus Genome Database
↑ "Nuqul Archive". United Nations, Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO Statistics. 2013. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 22 November 2016. Soo qaatay 21 June 2015. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ "Superspecies". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2012-11-01. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)
↑ Webber, Herbert John (1967–1989). Chapter I. History and Development of the Citrus Industry in ORIGIN OF CITRUS, Vol. 1. University of California
↑ Sauls, Julian W. (December 1998). The Texas A&M University System http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/citrus/oranges.htm. Soo qaatay 30 November 2012. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ . Collins English Dictionary (collinsdictionary.com) http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/orange?showCookiePolicy=true. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)
↑ "Link to USDA Database entry". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2016-02-21. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[1] "Nuqul Archive". www.ars-grin.gov. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2015-09-24. Soo qaatay 2008-03-17. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[usda_-2] "Nuqul Archive". Archived from the original on 2011-05-12. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin) CS1 maint: url u qalmin (link)

[fullgenome-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Nature Genetics. 45: 59–66. doi:10.1038/ng.2472. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[AGLthesis-4] Template:Cite thesis

[genealogy_review-5] Nature Biotechnology. 32: 640–642. doi:10.1038/nbt.2954. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[morton-6] Morton, J., Fruits of Warm Climates (1987) Miami, FL, pp. 134–142.

[ars-grin.gov-7] "Citrus sinensis information from NPGS/GRIN". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2015-09-24. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[citrusgenomedb.org-8] Organisms. Citrus Genome Database

[fao-9] "Nuqul Archive". United Nations, Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO Statistics. 2013. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 22 November 2016. Soo qaatay 21 June 2015. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[10] "Superspecies". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2012-11-01. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

[11] Webber, Herbert John (1967–1989). Chapter I. History and Development of the Citrus Industry in ORIGIN OF CITRUS, Vol. 1. University of California

[12] Sauls, Julian W. (December 1998). The Texas A&M University System http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/citrus/oranges.htm. Soo qaatay 30 November 2012. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[Collins-13] . Collins English Dictionary (collinsdictionary.com) http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/orange?showCookiePolicy=true. Maqan ama ebar |title= (caawin)

[14] "Link to USDA Database entry". Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 2016-02-21. Soo qaatay 2015-09-18. Barameter aan la aqoon |ciwaan= ignored (caawin)

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