Sooyaalka Soomaaliya
Taariikhda ama sooyaalka Soomaaliya (Af Ingiriis : History of Somalia; Af Carabi : ar aṣ-Ṣūmāl), sida dowliga ah loo yaqaano Jamhuuriyada Federalka Soomaaliya (Af Soomaali : Federal Republic of Somalia, Af Carabi : ar Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fideraaliya) wakhtiyadii hore loo yaqaanay Jamhuuriyada Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya, waa wadan dhaca Geeska Afrika.[1][2][3][4]
Taariikhda qadiimi ah
Dhulka Soomaaliya wuxuu weligiisba ahaa xarun dhexe oo maamusha ganacsiga qeybo badan oo dunida ka mid ah,[5][6] Intasi waxaa dheer, waxaa deegaanka Soomaalidu ahayd mid wax soo saar leh; xaga beeraha, xoolaha iyo kheyraad kale oo dunida inteeda kale ka manaafacaadsato.[7][8] Siday ay isku raaceen in badan oo taariikhyano ah, Geeska Afrika wuxuu xidhiidh la lahaa Boqortooyadii Faraaciyiinta wakhti imika laga joogo ilaa 3,000 sano,[9] kuwaasi oo ganacsi toos ah la lahaa meelo badan oo ka mid tahay Saylac iyo Dhulka uduga (Puntland).[10]
Taariikhda Diiriye Guure ka hor
Dhulka Soomaalya waxaa uu ahaa mid dadku degan yihiin inka badan 10,000 sano Ciise Hortii, wakhtigaasi oo dadku intooda u badan ahaayeen duurgaleen dhaqda beeraha iyo xoolaha.[11] Sidaasi ay tahay waxaa jirtay xadaar tartiib isku soo taraysay; oo waxaa la sheegay in dadkaasi ay lahaayeen xidhiidhyo ganacsi xoolaha iyo dhirta ah; iyo weliba cilaaqaad xog dheer oo ku salaysan maamul iyo horumar.[12]
Bilawgii xadaarada soomaliyeed
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wakhtiyadii dhexe waxaa soo shaacbaxay boqortooyooyin Soomaali ah kuwaasi oo ku salaysan beelo iyo deegaan. Saldanadii Cadal, Saldanada Geledi, Saldanadii Warsangali iyo Saldanadii Majeerteen waxay ka mid yihiin kuwa ugu awooda badnaa ee wakhtiyadii dhexe ka ariminayay deegaanka Soomaalida. Dhamaan boqortooyooyinkani waxay horumar ku sameeyeen xidhiidhka ganacsi iyo siyaasadeed ee mandaqada Geeska Afrika la lahayn dunida inteeda kale.[13]
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xadaaradihii ugu horeeyay waxaa ka mid ah farshaxanka, beeraha, xoolo-dhaqashada iyo maamulo yaryar oo ku salaysan beelo ama deegaan. Deegaanka Laas Geel oo ah meel u dhow magaalada Hargeysa, waqooyigalbeed Soomaaliya waxaa uu ka mid yahay taariikhda qadiimiga ah, waxaana lagu qiyaasay in uu farshaxankaasi jiro ilaa 5,000 sano.[14]
Badmareenkii Hore
Taariikhda Badmareenka Soomaalida waa taariikhda dadka baxaariga ee u dhashay ama asal ahaan ka soo jeeda wadanka iyo dadka Soomaalida.[15] Sida lagu sheegay buugaag badan oo taariikhi ah, dadka Soomaalida ahi waxay tan iyo wakhtiyo hore ahaayeen kuwo ku safra badaha waaweyn ee caalamka, ayagoo u socdaalaya sababo kala duwan, sida ganacsi, aqoonraadis, dalxiis, iyo kuwo kale.
Boqortooyooyin badan iyo maamulo ka soo jiray gayiga Soomaaliya ayaa waxay dhiseen noocyo badan oo maraakiib, doonyo iyo qalab lagu safro. Kuwa ugu caansanaa waxaa ka mid ah:
- Dekeda Saylac: oo lagu qiyaasay ineey jirtey in ka badan kun sano.
- Reer Xamar: ganacsatada reer Muqdisho ee u kala safri jirtey Soomaaliya iyo Hindiya.[16]
Wakhtiyadii Dhexe
Qoraalo Kale
Tixraac
- ↑ John Kenrick, Phoenicia, (B. Fellowes: 1855), p. 199.
- ↑ Jeanne Rose, John Hulburd, The aromatherapy book: applications & inhalations, (North Atlantic Books: 1992), p. 94.
- ↑ Charnan, Simon. Childrens Press. p. 26. ISBN 0-516-03053-1 https://books.google.com/books?id=vCf_fBfS5xUC. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin) - ↑ Society For Nautical Research (London. The Mariner's Mirror. 66–71: 261 https://books.google.com/books?id=hjJVAAAAYAAJ.
|first1=missing|last1=in Authors list (caawin);|first3=missing|last3=in Authors list (caawin); Maqan ama ebar|title=(caawin) - ↑ John Kenrick, Phoenicia, (B. Fellowes: 1855), p. 199.
- ↑ Jeanne Rose, John Hulburd, The aromatherapy book: applications & inhalations, (North Atlantic Books: 1992), p. 94.
- ↑ Charnan, Simon. Childrens Press. p. 26. ISBN 0-516-03053-1 https://books.google.com/books?id=vCf_fBfS5xUC. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin) - ↑ Society For Nautical Research (London. The Mariner's Mirror. 66–71: 261 https://books.google.com/books?id=hjJVAAAAYAAJ.
|first1=missing|last1=in Authors list (caawin);|first3=missing|last3=in Authors list (caawin); Maqan ama ebar|title=(caawin) - ↑ Christine El Mahdy, Egypt : 3000 Years of Civilization Brought to Life, (Raincoast Books: 2005), p.297.
- ↑ Stefan Goodwin, Africa's legacies of urbanization: unfolding saga of a continent, (Lexington Books: 2006), p. 48.
- ↑ Peter Robertshaw. J. Currey. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-435-08041-9 http://www.google.com/books?id=VuEZAAAAYAAJ. Maqan ama ebar
|title=(caawin) - ↑ Template:Cite j=ournal
- ↑ Laitin 1977, p. 8.
- ↑ Bakano, Otto (April 24, 2011). "Nuqul Archive". AFP. Waxaa laga kaydiyay the original 30 Bisha Afraad 2011. Soo qaatay 11 May 2013. Barameter aan la aqoon
|ciwaan=ignored (caawin); Hubi qiimaynta taariikhda:|archive-date=(caawin) - ↑ Charles Geshekter, "Somali Maritime History and Regional SubCultures: A Neglected Theme of the Somali Crisis
- ↑ The Aromatherapy Book by Jeanne Rose and John Hulburd pg 94
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