Dagaalka suudaan

'Dagaalka Sokeeye ee Suudaan 2023 illaa hada:'Bold text

War in Sudan Part of the Sudanese Civil Wars and the Coup Belt Xaaladda milatari ee 8-da Maarso 2024. Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend (Detailed map) (Engagements) Date 15 April 2023 – present (1 sanad, 2 usbuuc iyo 5 maalmo) Location Sudan Status Ongoing Territorial changes Rapid Support Forces occupy most of Darfur and Gezira State, and parts of Khartoum State, White Nile, Sennar, Al Qadarif, North and West Kordofan. SPLM-N (al-Hilu) occupies parts of South Kordofan and Blue Nile State. Belligerents Government of Sudan Sudanese Armed Forces Popular Defence Forces SPLM-N (Agar) SLM (Tambour) (since August 2023) Rapid Support Forces Tamazuj (since August 2023) State support Central African Republic (Officially denied) United Arab Emirates (Officially denied) Non-state support Libyan National Army Wagner Group Alleged state support Djibouti Ethiopia Kenya Russia South Sudan Uganda SPLM-N (al-Hilu) (since June 2023) SLM (al-Nur) Sudanese Communist Party Commanders and leaders Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Yasser al-Atta Shams al-Din Khabbashi Malik Agar Mustafa Tambour Minni Minnawi Gibril Ibrahim Hemedti Abdelrahim Dagalo Abdel Rahman Jumma Abdelaziz al-Hilu Abdul Wahid al-Nur Muhammad Mukhtar al-Khatib Strength 110,000–120,000 70,000–150,000 Unknown Casualties and losses 13,000–15,000 killed and 33,000 injured 6,552,118 internally displaced 2,019,027 refugees

Template:Campaignbox Dagaalka Suudaan) Template:Campaignbox Khilaafaadka gudaha ee Suudaan

Dagaal sokeeye oo u dhexeeya laba garab oo ka tirsan dowladda milateriga ee Suudaan, Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Suudaan (SAF) oo uu hoggaamiyo Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, iyo Ciidamada Taageerada Degdegga ah (RSF) oo uu hoggaamiyo hoggaamiyaha Janjaweed, Hemedti, ayaa bilaabmay bishii Ramadan 15ka April 2023. Dagaalka ayaa xooggiisu ka socday caasimadda Khartoum iyo gobolka Darfur. Ilaa 21 Janaayo 2024, ugu yaraan 13,000 ilaa 15,000 qof ayaa la dilay, 33,000 kalena waa la dhaawacay. Ilaa 21 Maarso, in ka badan 6.5 milyan ayaa gudaha dalka ku barakacay, in ka badan laba milyan oo kalena dalka way ka qaxeen iyagoo qaxooti noqday, dad badan oo rayid ah oo ku nool Darfur ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo waramay inay ku dhinteen xasuuqii Masalit ee 2023.

Dagaalka ayaa ku bilowday weeraro ay RSF ku qaadeen goobaha dowladda iyadoo weeraro cirka ah, madaafiic, iyo rasaas la soo sheegay inay ka dhaceen guud ahaan Suudaan. Magaalooyinka Khartoum iyo Omdurman ayaa u kala qeybsamay labada dhinac ee dagaallamaya, iyadoo al-Burhan uu dowladdiisa u wareejiyay Port Sudan markii ciidamada RSF ay qabsadeen inta badan dhismayaasha dowladda ee Khartoum. Isku dayo ay sameeyeen awoodo caalami ah si ay ugu heshiiyaan xabbad-joojin ayaa ku dhammaaday Heshiiskii Jeddah, kaasoo aan joojin dagaalka waana la iska tuuray maadaama uu noqday mid aan waxtar lahayn.

Bilooyinkii xigay, xaalad cakiran ayaa timid, iyadoo labada dhinac ay markaa ku biireen kooxo fallaago ah oo horey uga soo horjeeday dowladda Suudaan. Bishii Nofeembar, qeybaha Minni Minnawi iyo Mustafa Tambour ee Dhaqdhaqaaqa Xoraynta Suudaan ayaa si rasmi ah ugu biiray dagaalka iyagoo taageeraya SAF, iyadoo ay weheliyaan Dhaqdhaqaaqa Cadaaladda iyo Sinnaanta (JEM). Dhinaca kale, dhaqdhaqaaqa Tamazuj ayaa ku biiray ciidamada RSF, halka qeybta Abdelaziz al-Hilu ee Dhaqdhaqaaqa Xoraynta Dadka Suudaan–Waqooyi ay weerareen goobaha SAF ee koonfurta dalka.

Laga bilaabo Oktoobar 2023, dardarta ayaa u janjeertay dhinaca RSF, iyadoo ciidamada gaarka ah ay ka adkaadeen ciidamada milateriga ee Darfur waxayna horumar ka sameeyeen Khartoum State, Kordofan, iyo Gobolka Gezira. Tan iyo Febraayo 2024, SAF ayaa horumar ka sameeyay Omdurman qeyb ka ah weerarka Omdurman 2024. Wadahadalladii dambe ee u dhexeeyay dhinacyada dagaallamaya ilaa iyo hadda ma soo saarin natiijooyin wax ku ool ah, iyadoo dalal badan ay taageero milateri ama siyaasadeed siinayeen al-Burhan ama Hemedti.

April-Maajo 2023 Dagaalka Khartoum Maqaalka ugu muhiimsan: Dagaalka Khartoum (2023-ilaa hadda)

15-kii Abriil 2023, ciidamada RSF waxay weerareen saldhigyada SAF ee ku baahsan Suudaan, oo ay ku jiraan Khartoum iyo garoonkeeda diyaaradaha. Waxaa iska hor imaad ka dhacay xarunta telefishinka dowladda, Sudan TV, taas oo markii dambe ay qabsadeen ciidamada RSF. Buundooyinka iyo waddooyinka Khartoum waa la xiray, RSF-na waxay sheegteen in dhammaan waddooyinka u socda koonfurta Khartoum la xiray. Maalinta xigta waxaa dhacay weerar rogaal celis ah oo ka yimid SAF, iyagoo dib u qabsaday garoonka diyaaradaha Merowe iyo xarumaha Sudan TV iyo raadiyaha dowladda.

Hay'adda Duulista Rayidka ee Suudaan ayaa xirtay hawada dalka markii uu dagaalku bilaabmay. Shirkadda isgaarsiinta MTN waxay xirtay adeegyada internetka, 23-kii Abriilna waxaa jiray go'doomin internet oo ku baahsan Suudaan. Taas waxaa loo aanaynayaa yaraanta korontada oo ay sababeen weerarada lagu qaaday shabakadda korontada. Ganacsiga caalamiga ah ee Suudaan ayaa burburay, iyadoo Maersk, oo ah mid ka mid ah shirkadaha maraakiibta ugu weyn adduunka, ay ku dhawaaqday inay joojinayso dhoofinta cusub ee dalka.

Iyadoo al-Burhan ku xayiran yahay Khartoum, ku xigeenkiisii Malik Agar ayaa noqday hoggaamiyaha dhabta ah ee dowladda Suudaan.

Hemedti wuxuu amray ciidamadiisa inay qabtaan ama dilaan al-Burhan, ciidamada RSF-na waxay ku lug yeesheen dagaal qaraar iyo dhiig badan oo dhex maray Ilaalada Jamhuuriga. Ugu dambayntii al-Burhan wuu ka baxsaday in la qabto ama la dilo, laakiin saldhiggiisa Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Suudaan waxaa go'doomin ku sameeyay RSF, taas oo ka dhigtay inuusan awoodin inuu ka baxo Khartoum. Wareysi uu siiyay Al Jazeera, Hemedti wuxuu ku eedeeyay al-Burhan iyo saraakiishiisa inay RSF ku qasbeen inay dagaalka bilaabaan iyagoo maleegaya inay xukunka ku soo celiyaan hoggaamiyihii xilka laga qaaday Omar al-Bashir. Wuxuu ugu baaqay beesha caalamka inay soo farageliyaan al-Burhan, isagoo sheegay in RSF ay la dagaallamayso mintidiin Islaami ah oo xagjir ah.

Maalmihii ugu horreeyay ee dagaalka kadib, SAF waxay keeneen gurmad ciidan oo ka yimid xuduudda Itoobiya. In kasta oo xabad-joojin loogu dhawaaqay Ciidul Fitriga, haddana dagaalku wuu sii socday dalka oo dhan. Dagaalka waxaa si gaar ah loogu tilmaamay inuu aad u kululaa waddada isku xirta Khartoum iyo Port Sudan iyo aagga warshadaha ee al-Bagair. Isku dhacyo qowmiyadeed ayaa laga soo sheegay gobolka Blue Nile iyo Geneina.

Dhaawacyo Macluumaad dheeraad ah: Dembiyada dagaalka intii lagu jiray Dagaalka Sudan (2023–ila hadda)

Laga bilaabo Maarso 2024, ugu yaraan 14,000 ilaa 15,000 qof ayaa la dilay, 33,000 kalena waa la dhaawacay sida ay sheegtay Qaramada Midoobay. Suldaanada Dar Masalit waxay ku andacootay 20-ka Juun in ka badan 5,000 qof lagu dilay 8,000 kalena lagu dhaawacay dagaallada Galbeedka Darfur keliya, halka hoggaamiye qabiil Masalit uu u sheegay wakaaladda wararka Sudan ee Ayin Network 22-kii Luulyo in ka badan 10,000 qof lagu dilay gobolkaas. 12-kii Juun, Ururka Dhakhaatiirta Sudan wuxuu sheegay in ugu yaraan 959 rayid ah la dilay 4,750 kalena la dhaawacay. 15-kii Ogosto, Qaramada Midoobay waxay sheegtay in ugu yaraan 435 carruur ah lagu dilay colaadda. Dhakhaatiirta goobta jooga ayaa ka digay in tirada la sheegay aysan ku jirin dhammaan dhaawacyada maadaama dadku aysan gaari karin isbitaalada sababo la xiriira dhibaatooyinka dhaqdhaqaaqa. Afhayeen u hadlay Laanqayrta Cas ee Suudaan ayaa la soo xigtay isagoo leh tirada dhaawacyadu "ma yara". Xeer ilaaliyeyaasha Suudaan ayaa diiwaangeliyay in ka badan 500 kiis oo dad la la'yahay ah oo dalka oo dhan ah, kuwaas oo qaarkood ah afduubyo qasab ah, inta badanna waxaa lagu eedeeyay RSF.

Darfur

Geneina, Galbeedka Darfur, isku dhacyo qowmiyadeed oo bilaabmay usbuucii ugu dambeeyay Abriil ayaa dilay ugu yaraan 1,100 qof, halka Suldaanada Dar Masalit ay sheegtay in ka badan 5,000 qof lagu dilay magaalada qiyaastii 8,000 kalena lagu dhaawacay. Bishii Luulyo, hoggaamiye qabiil Masalit ayaa sheegay in ka badan 10,000 qof lagu dilay Galbeedka Darfur keligiis, isla markaana 80% dadka degan Geneina ay ka qaxeen. Xasuuqyo ayaa laga diiwaangeliyay magaalooyin sida Tawila iyo Misterei, halka xabaal wadareed laga helay Geneina oo ay ku jiraan maydadka 87 qof oo lagu dilay isku dhacyada. Dhowr aqoonyahanno, siyaasiyiin, xirfadlayaal iyo sharafta ayaa la khaarajiyay. Inta badan xasuuqan waxaa lagu eedeeyay RSF iyo maleeshiyaadka Carabta ee xulafada la ah. Dowladda UK, markhaatiyaasha iyo kuwo kale oo indha-indheeyayaal ah ayaa rabshadaha gobolka ku tilmaamay inay la mid yihiin isir sifayn ama xitaa xasuuq, iyadoo kooxaha aan Carabta ahayn sida Masalit ay yihiin dhibbanayaasha ugu waaweyn. Mujeebelrahman Yagoub, oo ah Kaaliyaha Guddoomiyaha Qaxootiga ee Galbeedka Darfur, ayaa sheegay in rabshaduhu ka xun yihiin Dagaalkii Darfur ee 2003 iyo xasuuqii Rwanda ee 1994.

Rabshadaha galmada Maqaalka ugu muhiimsan: Dembiyada dagaalka intii lagu jiray Dagaalka Sudan (2023–ila hadda) § Rabshadaha galmada

Bishii Luulyo, mas'uuliyiintu waxay soo sheegeen ugu yaraan 88 kiis oo kufsi ah oo ka dhacay dalka oo dhan, badankoodna waxaa lagu eedeeyay RSF. Hay'adaha aan dowliga ahayn waxay ku qiyaaseen in tiradaas ay gaari karto 4,400. Aktifistada Hala al-Karib waxay sheegtay in kufsiga dagaalka uu noqday dhacdo maalinle ah iyadoo labada dhinacba ay ka qayb qaadanayaan. Sanadka 2024, Al Jazeera waxay soo warisay in haweenka Suudaaniyiinta ah lagu qasbay inay galmo ku beddelaan cunto ama ay noqdaan naagaha RSF si ay u hubiyaan badbaadada qoysaskooda iyo helitaanka cunto.

Dhaawacyada shaqaalaha bani'aadamnimada

Dagaalkii Kabkabiya, saddex shaqaale oo ka tirsan Barnaamijka Cuntada Adduunka (WFP) ayaa lagu dilay kadib markii lagu qabtay iska horimaad ka dhacay saldhig millatari. Laba xubnood oo kale oo shaqaale ah ayaa dhaawacmay. 18-kii Abriil, sarkaalka ugu sarreeya gargaarka bani'aadamnimada ee Midowga Yurub ee Sudan, Wim Fransen oo u dhashay Belgium, ayaa lagu toogtay oo lagu dhaawacay Khartoum. 21-kii Abriil, Hay'adda Caalamiga ah ee Socdaalka (IOM) waxay ku warantay in mid ka mid ah shaqaalaheeda maxalliga ah lagu dilay iska horimaad xilli uu la safrayay qoyskiisa meel u dhow El-Obeid. 20-kii Luulyo, koox 18 xubnood ka kooban oo ka tirsan Médecins Sans Frontières ayaa la weeraray iyagoo agab u wada Isbitaalka Turkiga ee koonfurta Khartoum. Ilaa markaas, Hay'adda Caafimaadka Adduunka waxay xaqiijisay 51 weerar oo lagu qaaday xarumaha caafimaadka iyo shaqaalaha tan iyo bilowgii colaadda, taasoo keentay 10 dhimasho iyo 24 dhaawac. 25-kii Luulyo, Isuduwaha Bani'aadamnimada Clementine Nkweta-Salami wuxuu sheegay in 18 shaqaale gargaar ah la dilay in ka badan labaatan kalena la xiray ama aan la helin. Colaaddu waxay keentay in Qaramada Midoobay ay ku dhawaaqdo in Sudan ay tahay dalka ugu khatarta badan adduunka shaqaalaha bani'aadamnimada ka dib Koonfurta Sudan.

Xaaladda waxaa sii murjiyay weerarrada lagu qaaday xarumaha bani'aadamnimada, iyadoo in ka badan 50 bakhaar la bililiqaystay, 82 xafiisna la bililiqeystay, iyo in ka badan 200 gaari oo la xaday. Dhacdo ba'an oo bililiqo ah oo ka dhacday El Obeid horaantii Juun ayaa keentay khasaare cunto ah "oo quudin kari lahayd 4.4 milyan oo qof". Weerarrada Suxufiyiinta

SAF iyo RSF waxaa lagu eedeeyay inay handadeen, weerareen, oo ay dileen suxufiyiin intii uu socday dagaalku. Ururka Suxufiyiinta Suudaan wuxuu diiwaangeliyay in ka badan 40 xadgudub bishii Maajo keliya. Dhowr suxufiyiin ah